
Measuring instrument for contact angle, surface tension and free surface
energy
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The contact
angle meter SURFTENSuniversal is an universal
instrument for use in the laboratory as well as in production control.

It is
characterized by the following features:
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fast and easy measurement of contact angle
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software with intuitive operation contains different measuring
methods
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comfortable documentation of the measuring results in protocols
and in the video images
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computation of free surface energy by the theory of Wu
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optional use with laptop or PC (independent from the used camera)
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optional use of digital USB 2.0 camera or standard analogue video
camera
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excellent image quality by use of high quality optics
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economically priced solution with all necessarily functions for
standard use in laboratory and production
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software extension for measurement of surface tension with the
pendant drop method available
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additional modules like thermal chamber or automatic dispensation
system available
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The modification of the wetting
ability of technical surfaces by special surface treatments becomes more
and more common in industry and research. For process characterization,
adjustment of technological parameters and production control it is
therefore absolutely necessary, to measure the surface free energy
objectively and accurately before and after the modification process.
For
this purpose a robust and easy to use contact angle measuring instrument
is needed. SURFTENSuniversal was developed
to meet the needs in industry and research
plus in production control. The operation is simple and for
everybody possible after a short training.
The
manual operation ensures an attractive price.
Thus SURFTENSuniversal is used as well as in standard
process control as well as in research and development.
In
connection with the software "SURFTENS" the contact angle and the free
surface energy of solids can be measured.
The
comfortable documentation functions are a powerful help in quality
assurance and research.
Basically the measuring software "SURFTENS" makes possible the fully
automatic measurement of the contact angle of a sessile drop by
different fitting methods of the drop shape. The drop is automatically
detected by image processing methods.
Specimen-dependent the contrast of the drop image can be critical for an
automatic detection.
For
such cases the software offers additional options for the drop detection
like the manual setting of the baseline and the completely manual
measurement of the contact angle by setting of measuring points on the
monitor.
The scope of services is extended by additional measuring and service
functions like:
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- real time
display of current contact angle at the live video image
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automatic
measurement of the time dependent contact angle and display in
diagrams (cycle time freely selectable, minimum cycle time 50ms)
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measurement of
advancing- and receding-contact angle at the live video image
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simultaneous
measurement of left- and right-side contact angle
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measurement on
curved surfaces with angular baseline;
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The
software contains an evaluation module (theory by Wu) for computation of
the free surface energy of solids from the measured contact angles of 2
known measuring liquids.
By
special software functions the drop volume is reproducible by 0,1 µl
also with a manual dispensation system. As additional option the drop
volume can be measured by the software.
A
very useful feature is the acquisition of AVI-files from the live video
stream. All measuring- and documentation functions are afterwards
applicable to the complete film or any single image of the film.
The
measuring results can be stored comfortable in protocols or the video
image.
The
measuring accuracy is determined by using the live video image. A real
drop of liquid changes itself permanently because of environmental
influences like evaporation. Therefore the accuracy can be specified
only by help of a contact angle standard.
The
software has the following parameters:
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resolution of
contact angle measurement: 0,05°
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reproducibility
of contact angle measurement: +/- 0,1°
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accuracy of contact angle measurement: +/- 0,5°
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An optional extension is
the software SURFTENS PD.
This software measures the
surface tension of liquids using the pendant drop method.
The SURFTENSuniversal
- standard configuration is sufficient for this measurement. Only the
additional software module is necessary, which is offered as bundle in
connection with the standard software.
1) Double dispenser

2) Automatic dispensation system
The automatic dispensation system provides a
motorized and software controlled
dispensation and setup of the drop.
3) Tilting stage
In
combination with
SURFTENSuniversal
a tilting
stage is available. The specimen is tilted together with the drop of the
measuring liquid (sessile drop).
Not only
the specimen is tilted, but the complete instrument. Therefore the live
video image shows only a change of the left- and right-side contact
angle dependent from the tilting angle. Starting with a horizontal
positioned drop and symmetric contact angles on both sides, the drop
contour shifts with advancing tilting angle. The drop changes its form
because of the gravitation proportional to the tilting angle. In
connection with the measuring software this effect can be logged and
displayed graphically and in a protocol.
The
tilting stage is operated manually with a reproducibility of 1°. The
input of the tilting angle in the software is made manually. Finally the
software provides a graphic of the left- and right-side contact vs.
tilting angle.
The
tilting stage can also be used for testing the roll-angle of a sessile
drop.
4) Contact angle standard

The contact angle standard
is a glass substrate, on which by use of a photolithographic process
several contact angle pictures are displayed. The design data (CAD-data)
provide the contact angle for each picture. Because of the high accuracy
of the manufacturing method the images have exactly the
estimated contact angles
without any error.
Therefore the contact angle
standard is a perfect specimen for verifying the accuracy of the
measuring instrument.
5) Thermal chamber
The thermal chamber enables
contact angle measurements with temperatures up to 80°.
The temperature is software
controlled and is transferred in the measuring results automatically.
Parameter
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SURFTENS
UNIVERSAL
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specimen table:
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standard (100 x 100) mm
other sizes on
inquiry
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specimen thickness
(height adjustment
range of the table)
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bis 50 mm
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contact angle measuring
range
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1°—180°
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resolution / accuracy
of contact angle
measurement
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±0,05°/±0,5°
at the live video image
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optics (standard equipment)
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Micro objective 0,8x with large working distance
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alternative measuring optics
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Micro objectives 1,6x, 3,2x
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drop placement
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by table movement upwards
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camera (standard))
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b/w USB2.0 CMOS-camera 1,3 Megapixel
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alternative cameras
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USB 2.0-cameras up to 5
megapixels and analogue-video cameras
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tilting angle of
measuring optics
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defined adjustable 0°...6°
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dispensation system (standard)
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manual single dispensation system
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dispensation system (alternative)
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manual double dispenser
or fully automatic system
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drop volume reproducibility |
0,1 µl (by measurement
of the live video image)
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light source
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long live high power
LED-illumination with special condenser optics
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software
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SURFTENS,
for Windows (all
versions)
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software for pendant
drop measurement
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SURFTENS
PD as additional
option / bundle
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Computer
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for all camera types
optional laptop or standard-PC
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tilting stage
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manually, resolution
1°, max. tilting angle 90°
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